1. What is Orbit Transfer Delta V?

Delta V (Δv) is the change in velocity required for a spacecraft to transfer from one orbit to another. It's a crucial parameter in mission planning as it determines the fuel requirements for orbital maneuvers.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the following equation:

Where:

• \( v_1 \) — Initial velocity (m/s)
• \( v_2 \) — Final velocity (m/s)
• \( \theta \) — Angle between velocity vectors (degrees)

Explanation: This equation calculates the vector difference between two velocity vectors, accounting for both their magnitudes and the angle between them.

3. Importance of Delta V Calculation

Details: Accurate Δv calculation is essential for mission planning, spacecraft design, and fuel budgeting. It determines whether a mission is feasible with given propulsion systems.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter velocities in meters per second (m/s) and the angle between vectors in degrees (0-180). All values must be positive, with angle between 0 and 180 degrees.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is a typical Δv for Earth orbit transfers?
A: Low Earth Orbit (LEO) to Geostationary Orbit (GEO) typically requires about 4 km/s Δv, while LEO to lunar transfer requires about 3.2 km/s.

Q2: How does Δv relate to fuel requirements?
A: Δv is related to fuel through the Tsiolkovsky rocket equation. More Δv requires more fuel, especially for high mass ratios.

Q3: What are the most efficient transfer orbits?
A: Hohmann transfers are most efficient between circular, coplanar orbits. Bi-elliptic transfers can be more efficient for certain cases.

Q4: How does atmospheric drag affect Δv?
A: This calculator assumes vacuum conditions. Atmospheric drag adds additional Δv requirements for launches and low orbits.

Q5: Can this calculator be used for interplanetary transfers?
A: Yes, but interplanetary transfers often require additional considerations like gravity assists and hyperbolic excess velocity.