1. What is Density?

Density (ρ) is a physical property of matter defined as mass per unit volume. It's commonly expressed in grams per milliliter (g/mL) for liquids and solids.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the density equation:

Where:

• \( \rho \) — Density (g/mL)
• \( m \) — Mass (g)
• \( V \) — Volume (mL)

Explanation: The equation shows the direct relationship between mass and density, and inverse relationship between volume and density.

3. Importance of Density Calculation

Details: Density is crucial for identifying substances, determining purity, and in various engineering applications. It's a fundamental property in chemistry and physics.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter mass in grams and volume in milliliters. Both values must be positive numbers. For accurate results, measure mass and volume precisely.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What are typical density values for common substances?
A: Water is 1.00 g/mL at 4°C, gold is 19.32 g/mL, and air is about 0.001225 g/mL at standard conditions.

Q2: How does temperature affect density?
A: Most substances expand when heated (increasing volume), thus decreasing density. Water is exceptional, being densest at 4°C.

Q3: What's the difference between density and specific gravity?
A: Specific gravity is density relative to water (dimensionless), while density has units (g/mL).

Q4: How precise should my measurements be?
A: Use at least 2 decimal places for precise calculations, especially for small samples.

Q5: Can this calculator be used for gases?
A: Yes, but gas densities are typically much lower and highly dependent on temperature and pressure.