1. What is the Bohr Equation?

The Bohr equation calculates the energy levels of electrons in hydrogen-like atoms. It's based on Niels Bohr's model of the atom and provides the energy of an electron in the nth quantum state.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Bohr equation:

Where:

• \( E_n \) — Energy of the electron in eV
• \( Z \) — Atomic number of the element
• \( n \) — Principal quantum number (1, 2, 3...)
• 13.6 — Rydberg energy constant for hydrogen (eV)

Explanation: The equation shows that electron energy levels are quantized and depend on the atomic number and quantum number.

3. Importance of Energy Level Calculation

Details: Calculating energy levels helps predict atomic spectra, understand chemical bonding, and explain electron transitions that produce spectral lines.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter atomic number (Z) as a positive integer (1 for hydrogen, 2 for helium, etc.) and quantum number (n) as a positive integer (1 for ground state).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Why is the energy negative?
A: Negative energy indicates the electron is bound to the nucleus. Zero energy would mean the electron is free.

Q2: Does this work for all atoms?
A: The equation works best for hydrogen-like atoms (single electron systems like H, He+, Li2+, etc.).

Q3: What are typical energy values?
A: For hydrogen (Z=1), ground state (n=1) is -13.6 eV, first excited state (n=2) is -3.4 eV.

Q4: What are the limitations of Bohr's model?
A: It doesn't explain fine structure, Zeeman effect, or multi-electron atoms well. Quantum mechanics provides more complete solutions.

Q5: How does this relate to atomic spectra?
A: Energy differences between levels correspond to photon energies emitted/absorbed in spectral lines.